Mass Communication & Media Studies - Types of an Adverisements

Name -  Krutikaba Zala

Paper no. 15 - Mass Communications & Media Studies

Semester - 4

Topic - Types of an " Advertisement "

Roll no. 15

Enrollment no. PG13101037

Submitted to - Department of English

                             

                             M. K. Bhavnagar University 

Introduction :

The idea and origin of advertising is lie thousands of years in the past. Advertising is a form of marketing communication used in front of people or society to continue some action. In Latin , " advertere "means  " to turn toward " . The purpose of different advertising is also for company's success. There is another great advantages of this different advertisements is , to give good, moral messages through out products.

There are many various types of advertising. 

Types Of Advertising  

Television / Music : 

This is very effective advertising for massh prices television marketing formet. This is reflected by the high prices television networks chrges for commercial airtime during populr events. It is releted with many regular programmes related with audience.

Infomercial :

This is different type of advertising. It is very long format television commercial typically five minutes or longer.

Coffee cup :

This type of advertising placed upon a coffee cup.It is distribued in sny office or cafe or out of any place.

Sheltered Outdoor advertising :

This type of advertising is indoor and outdoor also. It is placing large mobile structures in public places.

Aerial :

This type od advertising is using aircraft, balloons or airships. It is also called sky writing.

Online :

It is connected with internet. Its purpose delivering marketing message to attract customers.

Customer - generated :

It is connected with internet. It is related with blog, websites and wikis...

Mobile billboard :

It is generally vehicle mounted bill board or digital screens. in this system this can be button a vehicle so that vehicle can carry it where ever it goes.

In store :

It is related with any stores. Its placement is in store and products visible in that store.

Domain name :

It is related with click search engines. Here two examples of digit facebook page and another example is about interect with team digit.

Press :

It is a kind of printed medium such as a newspaper , magazine, templets etc.

Bill board :

It has very large structure ,located in public places.

Covert :

This is very connected with entertainment and media. Any product or brand with any product related celebrity.

Street :

This is  first came for street service. First in UK it took place.

Conclusion : 

This way different types of an advertising is very useful for different ideas in society.

Thank you

Theme of " One night @ the call center "

Name -  Krutikaba Zala

Paper no. 14 - The New Literature

Semester - 4

Topic - Theme of " One Night @ The Call Center "

Roll no. 15

Enrollment no. PG13101037

Submitted to - Department of English

                             

                             M. K. Bhavnagar University 

Introduction :

Chetan Bhagat :

Chetan Bhagat is an Indian author, columnist, screen writer and speaker. Bhagat is the author of best selling novels. He writes columns for popular English and Hindi newspapers including The Times Of India and Dainik Bhaskar focusing on youth, career and issues based on national development.
He was born in Delhi to a Punjabi family. His father was an officer and mother was a government employee. He married with Anusha , Tamil Brahmin girl.

One Night @ The Call Center :-

It is a novel written by Chetan Bhagat , published in 2005. The novel is based on the work of call center. A group of six employees working in the call center in Gurgaon, Hariyana.
The novel based on only a time of one night and a call from God which received by the characters.

Themes :

Love :



Theme of love is a major theme in this novel. 
1. Priyanka and Shayam :- Earlier Priyanka and Shayam were in relationship but now Priyanka engaged with NRI boy named Ganesh, living in Us.


2. Esha and Vroom :- Here Esha wants to become a model , and on the base of it she slept with a designer for modeling contract. Another side Vroom loves her a lot but can't describe only because of her dream of modeling and desires.

3. Radhika : Radhika is a married girl , living with her mother-in-law. She also loves her husband very much but her husband also cheated her. He had one girl friend named Payal.


4. Military Uncle : Theme of love also shown in this character. Military uncle loves his grand son very much who is living in abroad with his son. But His son ignored him a lot.



Marriage :


Theme of marriage is also very important. First theme of marriage is shows in Priyanka's character. She is living with her mother and her mother is very eager for her marriage with Ganesh. Mother decided her marriage very earlier so that Priyanka doesn't like that.

Radhika is married but also working lady. But her mother-in-law doesn't like this and her husband also has another girl friend.


Nationality :


Theme of nationality is a major part of this novel. In this novel the idea of nationality is here from the conversation between Vroom and Mr. Fox from America.

Fox : Hello , Fox here , who is calling ?

Vroom : My name is victor , I am the call center agent from............

Fox : Ohh, damn you are the mother fucking idiot from India.

Here we can see how Fox said about the people of Indian. From this answer Vroom became very angry and replied very strongly.

Another example is :  35 = 10 .
It means 35 years old American's brain and IQ is the same as a ten year old Indian's brain.
So these lines shows Anti - American ideas of this novel.



Deus Ex Machina :

This is a climax of the novel. Deus Ex Machina means " God From Machine". Here a writer has painted himself into a corner for moving ahead. After all it brings a happy ending or a comic device for audience. Deus Ex Machina is used in this novel by Bhagat when all characters met an accident and no any source are there to save their lives. At that time God's call save them with many messages for life.
After that they all restart their lives from God's advice of living life happily. They all tried a lot to solve their problems from their lives. So that happy ending is here from God.


Conclusion :


This way different themes of this novel shows different ideas of our surrounding problems and also their solutions. Here God is only medium to solve this , described by Bhagat very well in this novel.


Thank you.

Ngugi's use of national and personal history in " A Grain of Wheat '

Name -  Krutikaba Zala

Paper no. 14 - The African Literature

Semester - 4

Topic - Ngugi's use of national and personal history in  " A Grain of Wheat "

Roll no. 15

Enrollment no. PG13101037

Submitted to - Department of English

                             

                             M. K. Bhavnagar University 

Introduction :

     Ngugi Wa Thiongo is a Kenyan writer. He is formally working in English and now working in Gikuyu. He wrote many plays, novels , short-stories and also essays. He also focuses on ranging from literary and social criticism to children's literature. Ngugi was born in Kamiriithu and baptized James Ngugi. His family was caught up in the Mau Mau war. In his education Ngugi received a B.A. in English from Makerere University college in Kampala , Uganda in 1963. He wrote his one of the famous play named " The Black Hermit " during his education. 

His novel " A Grain Of Wheat "marked his embrace of Fanonist Marxism. After that he was not reinstated to his job as professor but his family was harassed and they were forced to live in exile.

 

A Grain of Wheat is a story about Kenya's struggle for independence during 1952 - 59. This historical novel focusing on the character quite Mugo , whose life is ruled by a dark secret. The story of the novel is covered by Mugo's home village and about it's preparations for Kenya's independence day celebration , Uhuru day.

In that novel there are main six characters : Mugo , Gikonyo , Mumbi . Karanja , Kihika , John Thompson


Ngugi's use of national and Personal history in novel " A Grain of Wheat " :-

Here, this novel is connected with political life of Kenya and also with personal life of Ngugi. This novel shows different parts of colonialism and there are many changes during these time in his life. Ngugi is regarded as one of the most significant writers of East Africa. As per his biographical information , Ngugi is the fifth child of the third of Thiongo's four wives. Once while at Alliance he participated in a debate in which he described that western educations were harmful to African students. After that the headmaster subsequently counseled Ngugi against becoming a political agitator.Ngugi also added idea of Karl Marx in many novels. In that matter of writing he has shown the ideas of against Christianity , colonialism and also many non- African matters held in Kenya.

Another matter of Ngugi's name - James Ngugi is rejected by him after the publication of the novel " A Grain of Wheat ". And he also translated his play into Gikuyu - Kenyan language. A grain of wheat is related with Mau Mau movement and also Marxism.


Mau Mau Uprising :

 Mau Mau Uprising, also known as the Mau Mau Revolt, Mau Mau Rebellion oralso called Kenya Emergency, was a military conflict that took place in Kenya between 1952 and 1960. It involved Kikuyu-dominated groups  called Mau Mau by British Army, the local Kenya Regiment mostly consisting of the British, auxiliaries and anti-Mau Mau Kikuyu. The capture of rebel leader Dedan Kimathi on 21 October 1956 signalled the ultimate defeat of Mau Mau, and essentially ended the British military campaign.

Let the foreigner go back abroad ,

Let the African regain independence.

The Mau Mau command and guards like - " the running dogs of British Imperialism ".


Marxism :- 

It is very famous method of society. it focuses on class system and relations of them with society. It also finds problems, conflicts of society. In this novel a matter of Marxism took place by Ngugi in his personal life. He gives this idea related event of Mau Mau Uprising and different issue of Kenya. we can see it in the example of his name james ngugi. He ever became a victim of Marxism.

Conclusion :-

Here Ngugi's character is very strong and hopeful shown in different ways. Different critics have many critical notes that Ngugias an very important voice in African literature. He has been called the voice for Kenya and his people who really need freedom. His fiction has been noted for its overtly political agenda , gives literary strength and voice to poor of Kenya and against power of British world. 


Thank you..